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The History of Brazilian Jiu-jitsu - Pt. 3

The Gracies face oppositionThe Gracie's mind screamed. Adema wobbled, and stepped
were not the only ones doing Jiu-Jitsu in back, and tried to run with the ropes on
the world during the 1900's, and his back. I chased him throwing kicks and
certainly not the only one's doing open hand strikes. He returned head butts
Jiu-Jitsu in Brazil, they were just the and elbow strikes. But, neither of us was
most popular. Early members of the Gracie able to deliver a decisive strike. Maybe
family in Brazil were political figures we were both exhausted, or maybe the
and very involved in the community where blood in our eyes prevented us from
they lived. Among Helio's first students aiming clearly at the target. After all,
were Governor of Rio, Carlos Lacerda, and the 40 minutes ran out, and the match
President, Joao Figueiredo. There were ended in a draw. It was my first Vale
many Japanese immigrants practicing Judo Tudo experience. That night, my face was
and Jiu-Jitsu in Brazil and a new form of badly swollen. I had a number of cuts on
"free fighting" was also developing in my face. Every time I breathed, an
Brazil at this time. The Brazilians excruciating pain ran through my belly,
developed a system of fighting called and I could not sleep. I received an
Luta Livre (Free Fight), and if you ask a injection from a doctor, and cooled my
Gracie, they might tell you that Luta belly with a cold towel all night.
Livre is from Jiu-Jitsu, if you ask a However, I learned a very important
Luta Livre practitioner, he might tell lesson in this fight. That is, one must
you something different. There is a large never fear death. If I had not had the
rivalry between the two styles, but the iron will to fight despite the
truth of the matter is that the styles possibility of getting killed, his head
are very similar. I heard from a few butts would have torn my intestine into
sources that Luta Livre was developed pieces." - (From My Judo, by Masahiko
from Wrestling and Judo in Brazil. Luta Kimura , 1985)Carlson Gracie Comments on
Livre is practiced without the gi or his fights with Valdemar Santana:
kimono. While I was in Brazil, I passed "Valdemar was a student of the family
down a street in Bahia (which is where for twelve or thirteen years. He fought
Capoeira also comes from) named after one more than 20 times for our academy. What
of the great Vale Tudo (meaning "anything happened was, he had a disagreement with
goes") fighters of the mid 1900's named Helio Gracie, and they decided to fight
Valdimar Santana, who was responsible for Vale-Tudo, and Valdemar won. In fact, I
one of Helio Gracie's only defeats. I've was a friend of his, and told him: "look
heard some Brazilians call him a Luta Valdemar, we are friends, but now I can't
Livre fighter, others say he was a let it pass, you beat Helio, now your
Judoka, and the Gracies say he was a going to have to fight me. I have nothing
Jiu-Jitsu player. During Valdimar's fight against you, but in the ring, I'm going
with Helio Gracie, after over an hour, to beat the shit out of you!" And I did.
Helio's corner was forced to throw in the I fought against him six times. I won
towel. I've read that Valdimar Santana four times, and two were a draw. He was
was one of Helio's students, but have tough shit. If it were today, he would be
heard different as well. Carlson Gracie one of the best fighters". (From O'Tatame
would later avenge Helio's defeat by magazine (Brazil) Translated by Tatiana
defeating Valdimar Santana in a No Rules Andres, 1997)Besides Helio's defeats
fight. The other famous victory over the (where it is interesting to note that he
Gracie family in the early part of the did not actually submit to either
art's development occurred in 1951. After opponent) the Gracies remained undefeated
defeating a famous Judo player named for the most part in Vale Tudo (no holds
Kato, Helio issued a challenge to another bared) matches, until another Japanese
Japanese fighter named Yamaguchi. fighter would give them some trouble.
Yamaguchi was concerned about taking the After the popularity of the Ultimate
fight because he felt Helio would be hard Fighting Championship in the United
to submit. A friend of Yamaguchi named States, Japan started to host a series of
Masahiko Kimura (5'6" 185 Lbs.) stepped Vale Tudo tournaments, one fighter in
up to face Helio in his place. The fight particular started grabbing everyone's
between Helio and Kimura resulted in a attention, and his name was Kazushi
win for Kimura by TKO after Helio's side Sakuraba. Sakuraba was not the biggest
threw in the towel. Kimura applied fighter on the scene, but he was creative
udegarami (a shoulder lock now called the and experienced. Sakuraba represented the
Kimura), an arm lock to Helio's left arm, sport of Japanese Wrestling, which is
breaking it. Helio was commended for not very different from American wrestling in
giving up, but still suffered a defeat, many ways, the biggest difference being
nonetheless. that Japanese wrestlers have an
An interesting event occurred later in outstanding knowledge of submission
the 1950's when Kimura ended up facing holds. The Wrestling style that Sakuraba
Valdimar Santana in a No Holds Barred practiced looked almost exactly like
Match. He describes the name of the Jiu-Jitsu, and during my research for
fighter as Adema, but I assume that this this book, I've stumbled across more than
is a spelling mistake made in the one article that states Sakuraba had
translation due to the description being trained Jiu-Jitsu quite extensively.
identical to Valdimar right down to the Sakuraba had been winning no holds barred
place he resided. Kimura describes the matches against some formidable opponents
match in this excerpt taken from his in Japan, including Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
biography "My Judo". I debated for a Black Belt Conan Silvera, whom he beat
while about whether to include this, but with a Juji Gatame, or in Portuguese,
it was so interesting, hard to find in Chave Braco, a standard move in Brazilian
print, and so historically significant Jiu-Jitsu. It wasn't long before Sakuraba
that I had to share it with you. This and the Japanese press set their sights
excerpt really gives a lot of insight as on the Gracie family. Sakuraba's first
to what was happening in Brazil during victory over a Gracie family member was
this time period, and gives an idea about over Royler. Sakuraba outweighed Royler
how far ahead of the U.S. and Japan that by at least forty pounds. The fight ended
Brazil was in Mixed Martial Arts in a very controversial referee stoppage,
fighting. The next two and three-quarter over which Royler appeared to be very
pages are taken directly from Kimura's upset about. The second was to Royce;
book, My Judo."My opponent Adema this fight lasted about an hour and
(Valdimar) Santana was a 25 year old thirty minutes until Royce's corner threw
black man, and was a boxing heavy weight in the towel. To Royce's credit, Sakuraba
champion. He was 4th dan in judo, and a was not able to submit him and Royce
capoeira champion as well. He was 183cm fought very well. The third was to Renzo
had a well proportioned impressive Gracie. Renzo was fighting very well
physique. His weight was close to 100kg. until Sakuraba applied the same lock he
Bahia, where the match took place, is a used to defeat Royler; the lock was
port city where black slaves were applied standing and when the two fell to
unloaded. The slaves were forbidden to the floor, the fall broke Renzo's arm.
carry a weapon. As a result, many martial Once again, the Gracie family member did
arts were developed by them, I heard. not submit, and the referee stopped the
Vale Tudo is one of such martial arts. In fight. The fourth was to Ryan Gracie who
the south of Sao Paulo, pro wrestling is lost the fight after suffering an injury
popular. But the farther one goes to the to his shoulder and after time expired by
north, the more popular Vale Tudo judge's decision. I have researched a
becomes. Helio Gracie, whom I had couple of sources that claim a famed BJJ
previously fought, was the champion in black belt named Sergio Penha was
Vale Tudo. But Adema Santana challenged actually training Sakuraba and that this
him the previous year (Note: 1957), and aided him in his victories.
after 2 hours and 10 minutes, Helio got To the Gracie family's credit, I have
kicked in the abdomen, could not get up, not seen members of the Gracie family
and got knocked out. Thus, Adema had 'lose' very often. There are incidences
become the new champion. In Vale Tudo, no in sport Jiu-Jitsu where a Gracie family
foul is allowed. 1 foul results in an member will lose to another Brazilian
immediate disqualification. No shoes are Jiu-Jitsu player, but that is Jiu-Jitsu
allowed. When the fighters are separated, losing to Jiu-Jitsu. Dan Henderson's
they are not allowed to strike with a victory over Renzo Gracie is one of the
fist, and they have to use open hand few I can recall where anyone outside of
strikes. But once they get in contact the sport of Jiu-Jitsu or the art of
with each other, every type of strike is Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu defeated a Gracie
allowed but groin strikes. All types of family member.Jiu-Jitsu has now developed
throws and joint locks are legal. The beyond the Gracie family and with all
winner is decided when one of the appropriate respect and thanks to them,
fighters is KO'd or surrenders. Biting it moves forward and progresses through
and hair pulling were illegal. Since the teachings of instructors from all
bare-knuckle punches are traded, taking parts of the world. It wasn't until this
direct 2 or 3 hits in the eye means the happened that people from outside the art
end of the fight. I was told there have of Jiu-Jitsu started claiming victories
been many cases in which a fighter got over Gracie family members. By
hit in the eye with an elbow, and the introducing the Brazilian style of
eyeball popped out from the socket by Jiu-Jitsu to North America, the Gracie
half, and got carried to the hospital by family opened the door to great financial
an ambulance. Therefore, there were rewards and the problems that would come
always 2 ambulances at the entrance of with success.Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu was
the arena."I have no choice. I will introduced to the United States in the
fight." I said. Then, the promoter 1970's, but was not made popular until
grinned, took out a form and told me to 1993, when Royce Gracie defeated
sign it. Yano translated the content, opponents from other martial arts in a
which said, "Even if I die in this match, contest called the Ultimate Fighting
it is what I intended, and will not make Championship. This type of fighting was
anyone accountable for my death." I known in Brazil as Vale Tudo (anything
nodded, and signed the form. On my way to goes) and would later become known as NHB
the ring, someone raised his arm and (No Holds Barred) here in the United
waved at me. It was Helio Gracie, whom I States. The effectiveness of the art form
had not seen for several years. Helio was over so many others made Brazilian
at the radio broadcast seat. He was the Jiu-Jitsu known to the martial arts
commentator of the match. The gong rang. community and the world. This was
Adema and I circled the ring first. I America's first look at Mixed Martial
lightly extended my fingers in a Arts fighting. Unlike many other martial
half-body posture, and prepared for his arts, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu gained its
kicks. Adema, also in a half-body reputation and popularity through
posture, had tucked his chin, tightened effective fighting, not Hollywood
his underarms, as he would do in a boxing movies.In November of 1993, a large
match. Once in a while, he delivered high number of Americans would get their first
kicks to my face."I blocked the kicks look at Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ... it wasn't
with my hands, and returned a kick with pretty. For years in the United States,
my right leg. Adema started to deliver the Martial Arts community had been
right and left roundhouse kicks. I plagued by the mystique and misconception
stepped back and dodged them, but created by Hollywood. I can remember
suddenly, I received a fire-like impact getting into street fights as a kid and
on my face. It was an open hand strike. I having my opponent say "OK, no Kung fu
had overlooked his hand motion, paying stuff!" thinking that if the other guy
too much attention to his kicks. When I knew Kung fu, something terribly deadly
got hit in the temple, and the core of my would happen. This couldn't be farther
head became a blur, left and right from the truth, and in 1993 we would all
roundhouse kicks came. When I blocked his find that out. To make a long and
right kick with my left hand, a over-told story short, Royce Grace, a
tremendous pain ran through from the tip thin Brazilian, was pitted against
of the little finger to the back of the champions of Kung Fu, Karate, Boxing,
hand. I had jammed the finger. I traded Kickboxing, Wrestling and a variety of
kicks with him. The entire audiences were other Martial arts in a contest called
standing with excitement. Even in this the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
situation, I was able to think clearly. Unlike the American No Holes Barred
While I was thinking 'Adema is one level contests of today, Royce had to fight up
higher than I both in kicks and open hand to 4 times in each tournament. There were
strikes. In order to win, I must take the no weight classes and Royce was usually
fight to the ground,' another fast kick the lightest, sometimes being outweighed
flew at my abdomen."I struck the kick by 80 lbs. or more. There were very few
down with left knife hand, and jumped in rules: no eye gouging, no biting, and no
to deliver a head butt on his abdomen time limits. Although this would be The
with a momentum that could penetrate United State's first look at Brazilian
through his body. This must have had an Jiu-jitsu vs. other styles of Martial
effect on him. He covered his abdomen, Arts, it was not the first time a ground
and stepped back while wobbling. I wanted fighting style would have the opportunity
to get close to him, throw him, get on to show the superiority of Grappling vs.
top of him, and use Newaza. If I succeed Striking alone.In 1963, Gene Labell (a
in this, I could use elbow strikes and Judo player) faced a champion Boxer named
head butts. Adema recovered from the Milo Savage, gaining a solid victory for
damage, and delivered a kick to my face Grappling enthusiasts everywhere. The
again. I ducked the kick, and jumped in Ultimate Fighting Championship was the
for a clinch. I got in a tight clinch to catalyst for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in the
prevent him from using knee kicks or US, but after the initial boom of
elbow strikes. We traversed along the popularity, there would be a whole new
rope. All of a sudden, I received a head world of problems to face. The same
cracking impact. I experienced a entrepreneurial and capitalist ideals
tremendous ear ringing, and got that made America great would be a
momentarily unconscious. I received a hindrance to the authenticity and quality
head butt on my left temple. It was a of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in the United
head butt from a side. I had thought that States. Carley Gracie (Carlos' son,
all the head butts would come from front. Carlson's younger brother and Roll's
I never knew a side head butt. 'I cannot older brother) was the first to bring
lose here. I must win even if I may die,' their Brazilian style of Jiu-Jitsu to the
I thought. Driven by this will power, I U.S. The idea was born through his
tried to find a way to fight back. The training of American Marines in Rio (in
referee then came in between to separate the early 1970's) and by 1972, he was
us. We were already covered with blood. teaching Jiu-Jitsu in California. Rorion
The fight was brought back to the center was the next to come, opening his academy
of the ring again. Adema threw a right in California and trade marking the
open hand strike. I caught the arm and Gracie name. This action would lead to a
attempted Ippon-seoi. It seemed like I huge problem in the family; Rorian was
could score a clean throw. However, it not allowing any other members of the
was a miscalculation. We were both Gracie family to use the name, and was
heavily covered with sweat as if a large also accused by family members of
amount of water had been poured onto our distorting the truth about the history of
heads. Moreover, he had no jacket on. the art, since he had claimed his father
There was no way such a technique could (Helio) was responsible for the birth of
have worked under these conditions. His the art.I have found through the research
arm slipped through, and my body rotated of this book that everyone has his/her
in the air once forward, and landed on my own story, so it was most logical to go
back. 'I screwed up!' I shouted in my with common denominators to find the
mind, but it was too late. Adema truth. Carley would later challenge
immediately jumped at me. If he got on my Rorion to fight, as they had done when
chest, he could freely strike my eyes, they were younger (Carley claims to have
nose, and chest with his elbows."I caught defeated Rorion previously a total of
him in a body scissors. I squeezed his eight times), but Rorion preferred to
body with full force hoping to sever his battle it out in court. This was the
intestine. Adema crumbled momentarily, second major split in the Gracie family
but did not surrender. Since the body after the first split between Carlson and
scissors did not finish him, I realized Helio, but it would be the first of many
that I was in a disadvantageous position. to happen in the United States. Rickson
When I lifted my head, hundreds of stars came to teach as well, along with the
flew out of my eyes. I took a straight Machado Brothers (who are related to the
punch between my nose and my eyes. It was Gracie family as cousins), both
an accurate intense punch. The back of my eventually separated from Rorion due to
head got slammed onto the mat."Moreover, some sort of business differences.
an intense head butt attacked my abdomen. Actually, it was Rickson (considered by
It felt like my organs would be torn into many to be the champion of the family)
pieces. Once, twice, I hardened my who felt he should be the first Ultimate
abdominal muscles to withstand the Fighting Champion, but Rorion was in
impact, and waited for the 3rd attack. At control of the early UFC's and decided it
the moment the 3rd head butt came, my would be Royce who would make the point
right fist accurately caught Adema's face to the American public, and the rest is
by counter. It landed between his nose recent history.For More Information on
and eyes. Blood splattered. I had also this Subject, visit Simco is a Brazilian
already been heavily covered with blood. Jiu-jitsu Black Belt and author of
The blood interfered with my vision. several books on the subject.
'Kill him, kill him!' the devil in my




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