| Today we shall talk about the composition
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| | ancient times ornament designed had a
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| in embroidery. You will get to know about
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| | strongly marked symbolic meaning.
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| ornaments and its use to decorate
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| | A straight horizontal line stood for the
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| household stuff in times of old.
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| | land surface, horizontal wavy line stood
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| Ornamental patterns decorate many things.
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| | for the water, a vertical wavy line
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| If a thing is beautiful, it is pleasant
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| | symbolized rain, triangles meant
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| to use it. You have many confections at
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| | mountains, crossed lined stood for fire
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| home: fine china, in-wrought drapery,
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| | and lightning, the Sun and the Moon -
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| embroidered cushions, ovenware… Try to
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| | radiant celestial bodies - were indicated
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| decorate them yourself.
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| | by a circle, a square, or a rhombus.
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| In former times only a few could buy fine
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| | A female character with hand up or down
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| things. In the villages away from big
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| | represented the image of Earth Mother,
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| cities people made and decorated the
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| | connected with worshiping of the land and
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| things they needed themselves - wooden
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| | water. Eastern Slavic goddess Bereginya,
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| spoons, plates, water scoops and other.
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| | or Mokosh, was the patroness of water,
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| Some of them survived to our times. Many
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| | household, hearth and home, and
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| of such things are elaborately made. Now
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| | handiwork.
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| they are kept in museums. We do not know
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| | Branchy trees and frog images stood for
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| the names of those who made them, but
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| | fertile land; grass, flowers, bushes, and
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| their art is called folk art.
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| | trees were called "the hair of the
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| The works of the folk craftsman delight
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| | Earth". Out-runner of the Sun, warmth and
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| us in colour schemes, amazing pictures of
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| | light, symbol of happiness and joy was a
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| plants, birds and animals. Patterns are
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| | bird that promised the incoming of
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| wonderful: flowers, outlandish birds, and
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| | spring, harvest and wealth. A deer and
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| thin and neat branches of trees. And what
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| | horse represented "live-giving aster" -
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| colours!
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| | the Sun - and were believed to bring good
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| How could the folk craftsman create such
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| | fortune, jollity, and prosperity.
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| a gorgeous design?
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| | The rhombus was the main sign and it had
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| Who could give him a cue?
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| | many meanings. A smooth or spurred
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| It was the nature that directed him; he
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| | rhombus stood for the Sun and fire, as
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| had seen it in the forest or in the
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| | well as for fertility, revival. A chain
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| garden. Look carefully at the plants, how
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| | of rhombuses meant the Tree of Life. A
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| their leaves grow, what their shape is,
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| | rhombus with protruding sides represented
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| what the colours are.
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| | the top of timberwork; a square divided
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| Before making something, you should think
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| | into four parts with a circle or a dot in
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| the whole item over, decide upon the
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| | each meant a homestead and a sown field.
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| shape, arranging of the pattern, it
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| | There were special ornaments for wedding
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| character and colour. The artistic
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| | garments and burial clothes, warrior
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| solution of the ornament is included into
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| | clothing, farmers, and or household
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| the general concept of composition.
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| | stuff, etc. Dishes, stoves and furniture
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| The Latin word "composition" means
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| | were covered with ornaments. Every region
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| arranging separate parts into a complete
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| | had their traditional ornament patterns.
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| unit in a certain order. Together these
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| | It is easy to distinguish Russian pattern
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| parts are supposed to create a definite
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| | from Bashkir or Estonian one. Over time
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| shape. In the properly designed
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| | the figures changed, became more
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| composition all the elements are
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| | complicated and were combined with other
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| interconnected, it is impossible to
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| | designs, creating image patterns. Now
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| remove anything without the loss of
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| | ornament has a purely decorative
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| integrity of the picture and the harmony
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| | function.
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| of composition.
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| | Ornament is a pattern the elements of
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| Composition has the principal elements
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| | which follow a definite rhythm.
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| and secondary, subordinate elements. The
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| | The part of the ornament that is
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| principal elements are those that attract
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| | completely repeated at a specific
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| attention first and bear the main idea,
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| | interval is called rapport, which means
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| the concept of the pattern. The major
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| | repetition.
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| element of the design must be connected
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| | According to the arrangement and the
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| and balanced by the secondary elements.
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| | character of composition, which is always
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| The main part is not necessarily located
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| | closely related to the shape o the
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| in the centre of the composition. It can
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| | decorated item, ornament can be:
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| be emphasised by the means of contrast
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| | Ribbon - straight or arched strip that
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| colour or its size and shape.
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| | decorates the middle of the item or
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| Composition can be three or
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| | frames it (frieze, border); Netlike,
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| two-dimensional. Embroidery is a two
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| | where all the surface is covered with the
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| dimensional composition. Composition
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| | pattern; Centric, or rosette-like,
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| developing is a creative process of
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| | where all the elements are inserted into
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| artistic work invention from conception
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| | a square, circle, rhombus, or
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| to perfection. Starting an embroidery,
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| | multi-angular (rosette), located in the
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| one should remember that it is an applied
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| | centre of an item.
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| art, and any embroidered item, whether it
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| | The following ornament designs are
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| be a tablecloth, a blouse, or a panel, is
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| | distinguished: Geometric, consisting of
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| household article as well as a piece of
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| | several elements; Meander - composed of
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| art. Thus, the size and fashion of the
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| | broken lines, widely used in Ancient
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| tablecloth, its colour, and the pattern
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| | Greece and named after the river Meander;
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| will depend on the size and shape,
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| | Flower, or fito, composed of stylised
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| material and colour of the table it is
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| | flower, fruit, leaves and branch images;
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| made for. The tablecloth will become a
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| | Animal, with stylised figures of animals
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| part of interior, that is why it must be
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| | and insects; Lettering-like (ligature),
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| balance with the other things in the
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| | resembling a lettering.
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| room.
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| | Designing a pattern is always related to
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| You should be aware of some the main
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| | symmetry that is typical for folk
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| notions and means of composition in order
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| | embroidery patterns. You can invent a
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| to learn how to arrange a composition
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| | ornament with one or several lines of
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| correctly. They are rhythm, rapport
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| | symmetry. The easiest type of symmetry
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| order, symmetry and others. All these
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| | (with one line) is a mirror reflection
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| notions in their turn are connected with
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| | when the line divides an element into two
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| the concept of "ornament".
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| | identical parts.
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| In Latin "ornament" means decoration. In
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